Publications using catch22

A list of all scientific publications that have used catch22.

On this page, we keep track of scientific research publications that use catch22. Articles are labeled as follows:

• 📗 = Journal publication.

• 📙 = Preprint.

If you have used catch22 in your published work, please contact us by email and we'll add it this growing list!

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🖥️ Algorithms

catch22 features have formed the basis of new algorithms:

Combine the Matrix Profile with catch22 features, as C22MP, yielding a state-of-the-art anomaly detector. 📗 Knowl Inf Sys (2024).

For developing semi-synthetic time series to understand algorithm performance.

📙 arXiv (2023).

A new method to reduce the complexity of feature-based explanations.

📗 Information Fusion (2023).

The canonical interval time-series classifier.

📗 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (2020).

• "COCALITE: A Hybrid Model COmbining CAtch22 and LITE for Time Series Classification". Badi et al. (2024).

• A toolbox for predictive analytics (feature extraction and selection) demonstrated on wind turbine bearing condition classification, hydraulic systems condition monitoring, CNC tool wear estimation, and respiratory health monitoring. 📗 Zhou et al. Annual Symposium on Reliability and Maintainability (2025).

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Applications

catch22 features have been used in applications to:

⌚ Physiological and other sensors

Distinguish pain responses to hot and cold stimuli from electrodermal Activity and electromyography. 📙 Ozek et al., Research Square (2024).

Classify hyperkinetic, tonic, and tonic-clonic seizures using unsupervised clustering of video signals.

📗 Frontiers in Neurology (2023).

Estimate pain intensity from physiological sensors.📙 arXiv (2023).

Classify human exercises using wearable sensors and video data.

📗 Joint European Conference on Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases (2023).

Classify advertising engagement using affect and physiological signals of heart rate, electrodermal activity, pupil dilation, and skin temperature.

📗 Sensors (2023).

Determine the type of breathing using wireless sensors with a motion capture system.

📗 Algorithms (2023).

Automate general movements assessment for Cerebral Palsy from smartphone videos.

📙 medRxiv (2023).

Detect stress levels in real time from multiple physiological signals (heart rate, blood pressure, electrodermal activity, and respiration).

📗 IEEE Access (2023).

Comparison to ShapAAL method for sensor time-series classification.

📗 PLoS ONE (2022).

Extract markers of cardiometabolic disease risk from wearable device recordings.

📗 Journal of Medical Internet Research (2022).

Predict behavioural change from physiological signals. 📗 Sensors (2022).

Estimate objective pain intensity using physiological sensors, paving the way for developing a wearable pain measurement device.

📗 PLoS ONE (2021).

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🧬 Biology, physiology, neuroscience, pathology, and ecology

Predict pathological complete response in breast cancer from dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance images. 📗 Zhang et al. Breast Cancer Research (2024).

Predict species and age of malarial mosquitoes using mid-infrared spectroscopy.

📗 Data Science Journal (2024).

Classify calf behavior from accelerometer signals. 📙 arXiv (2024).

Detect early signals of disease outbreaks from incidence data.

📙 arXiv (2024).

Predict the incidence trends of infectious diseases.

📗 BMC Bioinformatics (2024).

Distinguish chemical stimuli from C. elegans chemosensory system recordings.

📙 bioRxiv (2024).

Predict when an individual patient can switch from IV to oral antibiotic treatment from routinely collected clinical parameters from over 10,000 ICU stays.

📗 Nature Comms. (2024).

Track Drosophila in real time for high-throughput behavioural phenotyping.

📗 eLife (2023).

Predict of cardiomyocytes differentiation outcome from oxygen consumption rate time series from human-induced pluripotent stem cells.

📗 Biotechnology and Bioengineering (2023).

Detect dynamic electrical signatures of human breast cancer cells from voltage imaging.

📗 Comms. Bio. (2022).

Screen for COVID-19 using holographic microscopy reconstructed red blood cells.

📗 Biomedical Optics Express (2022).

Evaluate similarity of synthetically generated peripheral nerve signals.

📗 10th International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering (NER) (2021).

Understand influences on the dynamics of tree motion.

📗 Biogeosciences (2021).

• To classify peptides from blockage current time series measured from a nanopore-based device. 📗 Hoßbach et al., The Journal of Chemical Physics (2025).
• As a baseline for classifying marmoset monkey calls from audio. 📙 Sarkar et al. arXiv (2024).
• To identify methamphetamine users from EEG recordings. 📗 Meynaghizadeh-Zargar et al., Biogeosciences (2024).

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🏭 Industry, energy and chemistry

Detect edge flag faults in wind turbines.

📗 Wind Energy Sci. Discuss. (2023).

Compare the influence of imputation strategies for classifying household devices from electricity usage.

📗 2023 Tenth International Conference on Social Networks Analysis, Management and Security (SNAMS).

Detect chemical analytes from chemiresistive hardware sensor arrays.

📙 arXiv (2023).

Detect fraud from smart meters.

📗 Journal of Internet Services and Applications (2023).

Appliance detection from very low-frequency smart meter time series.

📙 ResearchGate (2023).

Track on-board diagnostics for monitoring engine operations.

📗 Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Vehicle Technology and Intelligent Transport Systems - VEHITS (2022).

Detect anomalies in cloud services, where using catch22 resulted in the highest performance.

📗 IoT (2022).

Predict anode effects in aluminium production at least 1 min of advance from TRIMET Aluminium SE Essen (TAE) time-series data.

📗 Applied Sciences (2021).

Classify vehicle trajectories from unmanned aerial vehicle-derived trajectories. 📗Teo et al. ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. (2024).

Others:

• Audio classification. 📙 Marzano et al. (2025) arXiv.
• Hard disk drive failure prediction. 📗 Li et al. (2025) Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence.
• Predicting different types of induction motor failure. 📗 Li et al., IEEE Annual Symposium on Reliability and Maintainability (2025).
• Analyzing appliance consumption by automatically detecting and classifying appliance activations in industrial kitchens. 📗 Martins et al. Computers and Electrical Engineering (2025).
• Sound Analysis of Drop Characteristics by Evaluation of Impact on Water Pool. Arogeti et al. (2024) ��IEEE 2024 Signal Processing: Algorithms, Architectures, Arrangements, and Applications (SPA).

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🧠 Neuroimaging

EEG classification using AutoML.

📙 Anais do Symposium on Knowledge Discovery, Mining and Learning (KDMiLe) (2023).

Infer rules underlying experience of subjective liking of artwork stimuli from EEG.

📗 PLoS ONE (2023).

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• Classify Multiple Sclerosis from full-field visual evoked potentials. Banijamali et al., 📗 Doc Ophthalmol (2024).
• Investigate the neural correlates of dreaming. 📗 Wong et al. PsyArXiv (2025).

🔭 Meteorology and astronomy

Generate long-term air temperature forecasts as part of explainable AI models.

📗 Atmospheric Research (2023).

Detect earthquakes.

📙 arXiv (2022).

Classify exoplanets from light curves.

📙 Student dissertation (2019).

• Predict solar flares from solar active region magnetic field data. 📙 arXiv (2024).

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🏛️ Finance and databases

As part of a meta-learning strategy for predicting market price movement.

📙 Anais do Symposium on Knowledge Discovery, Mining and Learning (KDMiLe) (2023).

Representations for time series in database management systems, such as Apache IoTDB, InfluxDB, OpenTSDB.

📙 The VLDB Journal (2024).

Analyze US market price data.

📙 arXiv (2023).

Capture meaningful properties of financial time series (performance is lower than using domain features).

📙 Working Papers REM (2021).

Distinguish texts generated by AI (LLMs) from text authored by humans. 📙Proceedings of the 19th Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications (BEA 2024).

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🌍 General

To improve the efficiency and accuracy of time-series forecasting on target datasets using transfer learning.

📙 arXiv (2024).

Compare and cluster long time series.

📗 IEEE International Conference on Knowledge Graph (ICKG) (2022).

To understand dataset differences in evaluating foundation models for probabilistic time-series forecasting.

📙 arXiv (2023).

Predict performance of time-series forecasting algorithms.

📗 Expert Systems with Applications (2023).

Track optimization trajectories for combinatorial optimization problems.

📙 arXiv (2022).

Extend shapelets for time-series classification.

📗 Applied Sciences (2022).

Perform meta-learning for time-series forecasting.

📗 IEEE Access (2021).

Evaluate time-series imputation methods. 📗Proc. VLDB Endowment (2024).

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Tutorials

Using catch22 features in sktime.

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